How does the internet work?

Introduction: The internet is just a cable spread all over devices

The internet has become an integral part of our daily lives enabling us to connect with people, access information, and perform a wide range of tasks.

We should be wondering that how does the internet works

1. The Basic of internet

The internet is essentially a global network of interconnected computers, servers, and devices. These are connected via various hardware and software components to create a seamless web of communication.

Firstly if we want to connect a computer let's say we want to connect PC1, PC2,PC3, PC4 , PC5 to the internet

We make use of a switch device

Switch is a device we use to connect computer in the same office to each other in order to communicate ,we must use cable to connect all the computers to the switch, we have two type of cable Copper cable and Fibre optic cable but generally we make use if Copper cable for this task e.g CAT -5 or CAT-6 , The CAT means Category

It should be noted that A switch cannot use wireless technology

So, if we want the devices in the same office or environment to be connected to each other over wireless technology, we use an "Access point"

This implies that when we make use of switches we use cable and for Access poin it's wireless

So after connecting all the computers together like PC1 to P5 ,it's then we can call it network (Local area network)LAN

LAN:▪︎ It's a computer network that connect computers within a restricted area such as residence,school, laboratory, university campus and Office building

2. Internet Service Providers (ISPs):

ISPs are companies that provide access to the internet. They connect you to the internet's infrastructure, enabling you to send and receive data.

3. Protocols and Data Transmission:

At the heart of the internet are protocols, such as TCP/IP (Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol). These protocols govern how data is transmitted across the internet. When you send or receive data online, it's broken down into packets and sent through the network.

4. IP Addresses:

Every device connected to the internet has a unique identifier called an IP address. This address allows data packets to be routed to the correct destination. There are IPv4 and IPv6 addresses, with IPv6 addressing the issue of running out of available IPv4 addresses.

5. Domain Names and DNS:

Instead of remembering IP addresses, we use domain names (e.g., example.com) to access websites. The Domain Name System (DNS) translates these domain names into IP addresses, making it easier for users to navigate the web.

6. The World Wide Web (WWW):

The web is just one part of the internet, where documents and websites are interconnected via hyperlinks. Web browsers like Chrome and Firefox are used to access and navigate these websites.

7. Data Centers and Servers:

Websites and online services are hosted on servers located in data centers. These data centers store and manage the vast amount of data that makes up the internet.

8. Security and Encryption:

Online security is a paramount concern, given the sensitive information transmitted over the internet. Secure Socket Layer (SSL) and Transport Layer Security (TLS) protocols are used to encrypt data during transmission. You've likely encountered this when you see "https://" and a padlock icon in your web browser's address bar. These technologies ensure that your data remains confidential and secure.

Conclusion:

Understanding the intricacies of the internet is crucial in our digitally connected world. It involves a complex interplay of hardware, software, protocols, and infrastructure. As technology advances, the internet continues to evolve, bringing new opportunities and challenges. Staying informed about these developments can help users make the most of the internet while also ensuring their security and privacy.